Key dates

Une activité en pleine croissance avec une histoire bien ancrée

1950

1950

The breeding of oyster begins aound the lagoon of Oualidia

1998

1998

Launching of the first fish farm in M’diq

2009

2009

Launching of the Halieutis strategy

2011

2011

Creation of the National Aquaculture Development Agency

2012

2012

Aquaculture planning in 5 regions of the Kingdom: Oriental, Tangier-Tetouan-Al Hoceima, Souss Massa, Guelmim Oued-Noun, Dakhla Oued Eddahab

2020

2020

Launching of the Halieutis strategy 2

Aquaculture in figures

Main aquaculture fields

Fish farming

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Fish farming

Fish farming is one of aquaculture's branches. Specialized in the breeding of fish, fish farming is practiced in fresh water as well as in the sea, in hard enclosures (ponds) or in floating cages.
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Shellfish farming

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Shellfish farming

Breeding of shellfish and edible mollusks. A process that consists in cultivating mollusks and shellfish with the aim of supporting their production. It concerns mussels as well as oysters and clams.
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Algaculture

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Algaculture

Algoculture refers to the mass cultivation of algae for industrial and commercial purposes. This field concerns both microalgae and macroalgae.
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Pisciculture

Loup bar – Dicentrarchus labrax
Le loup-bar est présent dans l’ensemble de la Méditerranée, de la mer Noire et de l’océan Atlantique du Nord-Est, de la Norvège au Sénégal. Il vit dans les eaux côtières jusqu’à une profondeur de 100 m (généralement en hiver) ainsi que dans les eaux saumâtres des estuaires et des lagunes côtières (en été). On peut parfois le trouver dans des rivières. Les jeunes poissons sont grégaires, en particulier lors des migrations saisonnières, et forment des bancs. Les adultes sont moins grégaires. Le bar est un prédateur vorace qui se nourrit de crustacés, de mollusques et de poissons. Dans la Méditerranée, les mâles atteignent la maturité sexuelle à trois ans et les femelles à quatre ans; dans l’Atlantique, c’est à quatre ans et à sept ans, respectivement.


Dorade – Sparus aurata
La dorade royale (Sparus aurata) est la seule espèce de dorade actuellement élevée à grande échelle. Elle est répandue en Méditerranée et on la trouve également au large des côtes atlantiques orientales, du Royaume-Uni aux îles canaries. Elle doit son nom latin à la bande dorée caractéristique entre ses yeux. Ce poisson peut vivre dans les eaux marines ainsi que dans les eaux saumâtres des lagunes côtières. On le trouve fréquemment sur les fonds rocheux ou sableux, mais aussi dans les prairies sous-marines. Lors de la période de ponte (d’octobre à décembre), les adultes migrent vers des eaux plus profondes. Au début du printemps, les juvéniles migrent vers les côtes et les estuaires. Cette espèce est hermaphrodite. Elle atteint sa maturité sexuelle d’abord comme mâle, à l’âge d’un ou deux ans, et ensuite comme femelle, à l’âge de deux ou trois ans. Elle se nourrit de mollusques, de crustacés et de petits poissons.


Maigre – Argyrosomus regius
Le Maigre (A. regius, Asso 1801) appartient à la famille des sciaenidés, de l’ordre Perciformes, de la classe Osteichthyes, est l’une des 18 espèces de maigre produites au niveau commercial ou expérimental dans le monde.Les maigres sont des espèces eurythermes et euryhalines qui résistent aux changements de températures de 2 à 38 °C et de salinité de 5 à 39 ‰, un pouvoir qui leur permet de pénétrer dans l’embouchure des rivières et des lacs dans les estuaires, où ils effectuent la ponte et l’incubation. On les trouve généralement dans les eaux saumâtres et les estuaires, ils habitent depuis la frange littorale jusqu’aux profondeurs allants de 250 à 350 m, en fonds sableux argileux, et dans certains cas, rocheux.

Conchyliculture

Huitre – Crassostrea gigas
L’huître creuse est un mollusque bivalve. La chair (partie molle) est protégée par deux valves asymétriques calcaires. Elles sont deux fois plus lourdes que l’eau et sont composées d’environ 95 % de carbonate de calcium. L’huître repose habituellement au fond de la mer sur sa valve gauche qui est concave. La valve droite du dessus est généralement plus plate. C’est dans la partie antérieure que se trouve un robuste ligament élastique qui permet l’ouverture des valves. Les valves se referment hermétiquement grâce au muscle adducteur qui les relie. Cette espèce du Pacifique-Nord se trouve maintenant cultivée dans un très grand nombre de pays au climat tempéré ou même subtropical. Les zones en question s’étendent depuis le Pacifique Ouest, en passant par l’Australie, la Nouvelle Zélande et la Côte Nord-Américaine, de la Californie à la Colombie britannique. Elle a également été acclimatée en Amérique du Sud, mais surtout en Europe (France) et dans le Nord de l’Afrique

Moules – Mytilus galloprovincialis et Perna perna
Les moules sont des mollusques bivalves équivalves et très inéquilatérales, leurs formes allant du triangulaire au flabelliforme, dépourvues de dents de charnière. Les crochets se trouvent à l’extrémité antérieure. Le ligament est développé mais les muscles adducteurs sont vestigiaux. Sur les côtes Marocaines, ces deux espèces de moules se cohabitent et sont habituellement consommées par les populations riveraines. La moule africaine (P. perna) se trouve à sa limite géographique Nord et la moule méditerranéenne (M. galloprovincialis) se trouve à sa limite géographique Sud.

Palourde – Ruditapes decussatus
La palourde Ruditapes decussatus est un mollusque bivalve, naturellement distribuée dans les zones estuariennes et lagunaires dans la majeure partie du bassin méditerranéen et atlantique. Elle vit dans les substrats sablo-vaseux des milieux paraliques et les sites peu agités du littoral. Sa température optimale de croissance est comprise entre 23°C et 26°C et sa salinité optimale est comprise entre 32 et 40 ‰. Elle peut supporter de larges variations de température et de salinité (jusqu’à 11 ‰). La palourde est une des espèces les plus recherchées par le marché européen. Ainsi, au Maroc, durant ces dernières années, l’abondance des stocks et leur densité ont subi une baisse en raison de divers facteurs dont les variations caractéristiques environnementales, la prédation et essentiellement les pressions exercées par la pêche intensive

Algoculture

Algue rouge – Gracilaria gracilis
Gracilaria gracilis est largement présent dans les eaux chaudes et tempérées à travers le monde. Elle se caractérise par sa facilité de propagation, son taux de croissance relativement élevé, sa tolérance élevée à un éventail de conditions environnementales, et sa valeur commerciale. Cette espèce est caractérisée par des filaments cylindriques et ramifiés, de 0,5 à 2mm de diamètre, formant des touffes ou des massifs pouvant atteindre plusieurs dizaines de centimètres de longueur. La gracilaire constitue le principal agarophyte exploité d’une façon industrielle à l’échelle mondiale. Au Maroc, le taux de croissance journalier de Gracilaria gracilis est généralement compris entre 5 et 10 %.

Fish farming

Sea Bass – Dicentrarchus labrax – Insert a picture of the Sea Bass
From Norway to Senegal, the sea bass may be found in the Mediterranean, Black Sea, and North Atlantic Ocean. It lives in brackish waters of estuaries and coastal lagoons (in the summer), as well as coastal waters up to a depth of 100 meters (typically in the winter). It’s occasionally seen in rivers. Young fish are gregarious, especially during seasonal migrations, and form benches. Adults are less social. Sea bass are predatory fish that eat crustaceans, mollusks, and fish. In the Mediterranean, males achieve sexual maturity at three years and females at four years; four years and seven years in the Atlantic, respectively.


Dorade- Sparus aurata – Insert a picture of the Dorade. The only sea bream species now being farmed commercially is the royal sea bream (Sparus aurata). It may be found all throughout the Mediterranean, as well as off the east coast of the United Kingdom and the Canary Islands. It gets its Latin name from the golden ring that runs between its eyes. This fish can dwell in both marine and brackish environments, such as those found in coastal lagoons. It may be found on both rocky and sandy floors, as well as in underwater meadows. Adults travel to deeper waters during the spawning season (October to December). Juveniles move to the coastlines and estuaries in the early spring. This species is hermaphroditic. It reaches its sexual maturity first as a male, at the age of one or two years, and then as a female, at the age of two or three years. It feeds on mollusks, crustaceans and small fish.


Lean fish – Argyrosomus regius The Meager/Lean fish (A. regius, Asso 1801) belongs to the family of sciaenid, of the order Perciformes, of the class Osteichthyes, is one of the 18 species of lean fish produced commercially or experimentally in the world. The meager are eurytherm and euryhaline species that resist temperature changes of 2 to 38°C and salinity changes of 5 to 39, a power that allows them to enter the mouths of rivers and lakes in estuaries, where they lay and incubate. They are generally found in brackish waters and estuaries, living from the coastal fringe up to depths of 250 to 350 m, in clay sandy bottoms, and in some cases, rocky ones.

Conchyliculture

Oysters – Crassostrea gigas
The hollow oyster is a bivalve mollusk. The flesh (soft part) is protected by two asymmetrical calcareous valves. They are twice as heavy as water and are composed of about 95% calcium carbonate. The oyster usually sits at the bottom of the sea on its left valve, which is concave. The right valve on the top is generally flatter. It is in the anterior part that there is a robust elastic ligament that allows the opening of the valves. The adductor muscle that links the valves closes them tightly. This North Pacific species is currently grown in a significant number of nations with temperate or even subtropical climates. These locations are covered from the West Pacific to Australia, New Zealand, and the North American Coast, from California to British Columbia. It has also been adapted in South America, but particularly in Europe (France) and North Africa.


Mussels – Mytilus galloprovincialis and Perna perna Mussels are equivalents bivalve mollusks and very inequilational, their forms ranging from triangular to flabelliform, devoid of hinge teeth. The hooks are at the anterior end. The ligament is developed but the adductor muscles are vestigial. These two mussel species cohabit on the Moroccan coast and are typically consumed by riparian people. The Mediterranean mussel (M. galloprovincialis) is at its southern geographic boundary, whereas the African mussel (P. perna) is at its northern geographic limit.


Clam – Ruditapes decussatus The Ruditapes decussatus clam is a bivalve mollusk, naturally distributed in estuarine and lagoon areas in most of the Mediterranean and Atlantic basin. It lives in the sandy-muddy substrates of the paralic environments and the less agitated sites of the coast. Its optimum growth temperature is between 23°C and 26°C and its optimum salinity is between 32 and 40. It can withstand wide variations in temperature and salinity (up to 11). Clams are one of the most sought-after species on the European market. For example, in Morocco in recent years, stock abundance and density have declined due to a variety of factors, including variations in environmental characteristics, predation and mainly pressure from intensive fishing

Algaculture

Red Algae – Gracilaria gracilis
Gracilaria gracilis may be found in a wide range of warm and temperate waters all around the world. It is notable for its ease of propagation, rapid growth rate, great tolerance to a wide variety of climatic conditions, and economic worth. This species has cylindrical and branching filaments with a diameter of 0.5 to 2mm that form tufts or massifs up to tens of centimeters long. The gracile is the most often harvested agarophyte on a worldwide basis. Gracilaria gracilis grows at a daily rate of between 5% and 10% in Morocco.

Governance Committee

President of The Chamber of Maritime Fisheries of the Atlantic Center, President

Director of Maritime Training and Socio-professional Promotion, Member

Representative of the Budget Management, Ministry of Economy and Finance, member

President of the Marine Fisheries and Aquaculture Federation, member

STRATEGY AND INVESTMENT COMMITTEE

The Representative of the Ministry of the Interior, Member

The Director of the ANDA, Member.

The Director of the Marine Fisheries -Department of the Marine Fisheries-, President

The General Director of the National Institute of Fisheries Research, member

AUDIT COMMITTEE

Representative of the DEPP, Ministry of Economy and Finance – President

Representative of the Budget Department, Ministry of Economy and Finance, member

The Director of the Marine Fisheries Industries – Department of Marine Fisheries -, member

The Director of General and Legal Affairs -Department of Marine Fisheries-, member

The Director of Marine Fisheries -Department of Marine Fisheries-, member

The ANDA State Comptroller, member

The Director of ANDA, member.

The Minister of Maritime Fisheries, President of the BD

The Minister of the Interior or his representative

The Minister of the Economy and Finance or his representative

The Minister of Foreign Trade or his representative

The Minister of the Environment or his representative

The Minister of the Equipment or his representative

The President of the Federation of Chambers of Maritime Fisheries or his representative

The Presidents of the Chambers of Maritime Fisheries or their representatives

The Presidents of the Chambers of Maritime Fisheries or their representatives

The General Director of the National Institute of Fisheries Research or his representative

The President of the Federation of Maritime Fisheries of the General Confederation of Moroccan Enterprises

The Director of Maritime Fisheries – Department of Maritime Fisheries – or his representative

The Director of Maritime Fisheries Industries – Department of Maritime Fisheries- or his representative

Strategic monitoring

To meet the needs of project promoters,the ANDA provides:
  • The major market indicators for aquaculture species in Morocco
  • A filtered and qualified flow of information to aid them in discovering new markets, suppliers, and the newest technologies to regulate sectoral changes in order to satisfy the objectives of project promoters.
  • Tailored monitoring by giving investors with customized information based on the channels and periodicities that are most appropriate for them.

legal advice

The ANDA makes available to investors the legal texts that govern the aquaculture sector throughout the legal and regulatory value chain. The aim is to provide operators with the knowledge necessary to ensure that their aquaculture farms are set up and operated in accordance with current rules and standards.

technical support

  • Examine the relevance and potential of project promoters’ proposed investments with them (selected species, siting area, etc.).
  • Assist investors in developing the original concept for their companies, taking into consideration their profiles, resources, and goals.
  • Provide spatial solutions to guarantee aquaculture activity is organized.
  • Collaborate with aquaculturists to develop performance indicators for their farms in order to improve project management and assure the long-term viability of their operations.

Administrative support

  • Investors’ welcome and orientation
  • Assistance to operators in acquiring the required authorizations for the establishment and operation of aquaculture farms through administrative procedures.
  • Assisting investors in making contact with different stakeholders (administrations, institutions, operators, funders, and so on) according on their needs.
  • Take steps to make it easier for businesses to invest in the industry.
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